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James Sword Research
Nigeria
Приєднався 21 кві 2015
Hi😊, welcome to my channel. This is an educational channel, where I discuss topics on Material science, Metallurgy, Engineering etc. I also discuss research works on these disciplines.
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Detailed Explanation Of Annealing Heat Treatment | Process, Furnace, Stages, Types etc.
Annealing is a heat treatment process that changes the physical properties of a material to increase ductility and reduce hardness to make it more workable.
It consists of heating the metal to a suitable temperature, holding it at that temperature for a certain time (called Soaking), and slowly cooling it in the furnace.
The annealing process works in three stages:
○ Recovery stage.
○ Recrystallization stage.
○Grain growth stage.
▶ TYPES OF ANNEALING:
Understanding the different types of annealing processes is essential for achieving the desired outcome when annealing metals.
The common types of annealing methods are:
1. Full annealing.
Heating the steel to an austenizing range of 30℃ to 50℃ above its critical temperature, maintained for a specific period and then cooling slowly in the furnace.
2. Process annealing.
The metal is heated below the critical temperature or very near to it, maintained at this temperature for a while, and then cooled slowly.
3. Spheroidizing annealing.
Steel is heated to a temperature below the eutectoid reaction maintained at that temperature for a while and then slowly cooled in the furnace.
4. Stress relief annealing.
In this annealing process, the steel metal is heated to a lower temperature of about 650℃ maintained at this temperature in the furnace for some time to remove the metal's internal stress. Then the metal is cooled slowly.
5. Isothermal annealing.
The steel is heated above the upper critical temperature where the structure transforms into an austenite structure. It is then quickly cooled to a temperature between 600℃ to 700℃ below the lower critical temperature.
The steel is then maintained at this new temperature for a specific period and then cooled slowly in the furnace.
6. Diffusion annealing.
In the diffusion annealing, the steel is heated to a relatively high temperature in the range of 1050℃ and 1300℃ above the upper critical temperature because the diffusion requires a higher temperature.
The steel is maintained for some time for diffusion of iron and carbon to occur and then cools slowly in the furnace.
7. Incomplete/partial annealing
This type of annealing is carried out by heating the steel sample just above the Lowe critical temperature and then holding it there for sufficient time. Finally, it is cooled slowly in the furnace.
Annealing is performed on a metal for any of the following reasons.
◐ To reduce hardness and brittleness.
◐ To alter the microstructure so that desirable mechanical properties can be obtained.
◐ To Soften metal for improved machinability.
◐To recrystallize cold work metals.
◐ To reduce residual stresses induced by prior processes.
Watch the video till the end for better understanding.
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#heattreatment #steel #annealing
It consists of heating the metal to a suitable temperature, holding it at that temperature for a certain time (called Soaking), and slowly cooling it in the furnace.
The annealing process works in three stages:
○ Recovery stage.
○ Recrystallization stage.
○Grain growth stage.
▶ TYPES OF ANNEALING:
Understanding the different types of annealing processes is essential for achieving the desired outcome when annealing metals.
The common types of annealing methods are:
1. Full annealing.
Heating the steel to an austenizing range of 30℃ to 50℃ above its critical temperature, maintained for a specific period and then cooling slowly in the furnace.
2. Process annealing.
The metal is heated below the critical temperature or very near to it, maintained at this temperature for a while, and then cooled slowly.
3. Spheroidizing annealing.
Steel is heated to a temperature below the eutectoid reaction maintained at that temperature for a while and then slowly cooled in the furnace.
4. Stress relief annealing.
In this annealing process, the steel metal is heated to a lower temperature of about 650℃ maintained at this temperature in the furnace for some time to remove the metal's internal stress. Then the metal is cooled slowly.
5. Isothermal annealing.
The steel is heated above the upper critical temperature where the structure transforms into an austenite structure. It is then quickly cooled to a temperature between 600℃ to 700℃ below the lower critical temperature.
The steel is then maintained at this new temperature for a specific period and then cooled slowly in the furnace.
6. Diffusion annealing.
In the diffusion annealing, the steel is heated to a relatively high temperature in the range of 1050℃ and 1300℃ above the upper critical temperature because the diffusion requires a higher temperature.
The steel is maintained for some time for diffusion of iron and carbon to occur and then cools slowly in the furnace.
7. Incomplete/partial annealing
This type of annealing is carried out by heating the steel sample just above the Lowe critical temperature and then holding it there for sufficient time. Finally, it is cooled slowly in the furnace.
Annealing is performed on a metal for any of the following reasons.
◐ To reduce hardness and brittleness.
◐ To alter the microstructure so that desirable mechanical properties can be obtained.
◐ To Soften metal for improved machinability.
◐To recrystallize cold work metals.
◐ To reduce residual stresses induced by prior processes.
Watch the video till the end for better understanding.
If you find the video useful please like and share the video.
Subscribe to the channel - youtube.com/@JamesSwordResearch?si=k71fFFkNrSFXx9CR
and turn on the notifications icon for more content.
Watch more videos on this playlist - ua-cam.com/play/PLmLQ3KNZmECxoBqm3Pn4FqG9O-xsSQ0gd.html&si=-kG-WjwkWBTf5jN0
#heattreatment #steel #annealing
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Відео
Surface Hardening Process | A Complete Guide To Its Types and Techniques.
Переглядів 1,2 тис.Місяць тому
Surface hardening is defined as a process by which a metal is given a hard, wear-resistant surface while retaining a ductile but tougher interior. It is a method used to improve the wear resistance of metal parts without affecting the softer and tougher interior of the part. Surface hardening techniques can be classified into two major categories: 1. Case hardening or diffusion method. 2. Selec...
Smelting and Melting - The difference, process, and uses.
Переглядів 4,8 тис.2 місяці тому
The two terms smelting and melting sound similar, but they are different terms that have different applications. Smelting is the process by which a metal is obtained at a high temperature beyond its melting point from its ore. The smelting process turns raw ore into useful metals for various applications like buildings, cars, planes, and electronics. Melting is a process of changing or converti...
7 TYPES OF TOOL STEEL AND THEIR APPLICATIONS
Переглядів 3,4 тис.2 місяці тому
Tool steels refer to any steel that is hardened and used in tooling applications. They are steels used to make tools and dies for cutting, forming, and bending operations. There are seven main types or grades of tool steels they are: 1. Water hardening tool steel: Water-hardening tool steel also known as W-grade tool steel, this type contains high carbon steels with high hardness. They are high...
Alloy Steel - An Overview
Переглядів 1,8 тис.3 місяці тому
Alloy steels are produced by combining steel with additional alloying elements such as nickel, copper, chromium, manganese, titanium, etc. It is the amount and variety of alloying elements that make the properties of alloy steel different from carbon steel. Adding these elements improves the strength, ductility, corrosion resistance, and machinability of the steel. There are two types of alloy ...
Microstructure Of Steel - understanding the different phases & metastable phases found in steel.
Переглядів 4,4 тис.3 місяці тому
In metallurgy, the term phase is used to refer to a physically homogeneous state of matter, where the phase has a certain chemical composition and a distinct type of atomic bonding and arrangement of elements. The microstructure of steel refers to the arrangement and distribution of its constituent phases and grains within a sample of steel at the microscopic level. The microstructure of steel ...
Welding, Soldering & Brazing - similarity, differences, advantages and disadvantages.
Переглядів 1,4 тис.4 місяці тому
Welding, soldering, and brazing are essentially material joining techniques to join two or more pieces of material primarily metals. They are also techniques for filling gaps in metal parts. While these three methods have a lot in common, there are distinct differences that are important to know. * welding which is the most widely used, involves melting of the base material to create a consolid...
Grades Of Steel - An Overview
Переглядів 9 тис.5 місяців тому
The steel grade is a classification of various steels based on their composition and physical properties. There are over 3,500 different grades of steel. These grades can be split into four main categories. * Carbon steel. * Stainless steel. * Alloy steel. * Tool steel. Steel can also be classified by several different factors such as; 1. Composition ( carbon range, alloy etc). 2. Finishing met...
5 Steps To Quality Metal Casting
Переглядів 2,2 тис.6 місяців тому
Metal casting is a manufacturing process, in which a molten metal is poured into a cavity of desired shape and allowed to solidify. Once the metal and mold are both cooled, the metal object is removed and the finishing process is applied. There are 5 basic steps to consider when manufacturing products through the process of metal casting. They are: 1. Pattern Making 2. Mold and core making 3. M...
PRINCIPLES OF EXTRACTION | The Beneficiation process.
Переглядів 3,7 тис.6 місяців тому
The beneficiation process is a process that removes the gangue mineral from the ore in other to produce a concentrate containing the essential mineral. It is the science of extracting metal from their ores. The beneficiation process is the first process most ore undergoes after leaving the mine. The process is also known as mineral dressing, ore preparation, ore milling, ore dressing, etc. The ...
The Hardenability Of Steel
Переглядів 8 тис.7 місяців тому
The hardenability of steel is the ability of steel to partially or completely transform from austenite to martensite (when cooled in a given quenching medium). Hardenability involves a rapid transition from a state of 100% austenite to a high percentage of martensite. Note - Hardenability should not be mistaken for hardness. * Hardness is the measure of a material's resistance to indentation or...
Types Of Cast Iron And Their Differences | An Overview.
Переглядів 18 тис.8 місяців тому
Types Of Cast Iron And Their Differences | An Overview.
What Is Particleboard? And The Different Types
Переглядів 8 тис.9 місяців тому
What Is Particleboard? And The Different Types
Reverberatory Furnace - What it is and How it works
Переглядів 8 тис.10 місяців тому
Reverberatory Furnace - What it is and How it works
Detailed Explanation Of The Heat Affected Zone In Welding & Cutting.
Переглядів 6 тис.10 місяців тому
Detailed Explanation Of The Heat Affected Zone In Welding & Cutting.
Steel Types - Stainless Steel Vs Carbon Steel Explained.
Переглядів 87 тис.11 місяців тому
Steel Types - Stainless Steel Vs Carbon Steel Explained.
Understanding The Different Grades Of Concrete And Their Mix ratio In Engineering.
Переглядів 27 тис.Рік тому
Understanding The Different Grades Of Concrete And Their Mix ratio In Engineering.
Difference Between Pig iron, Wrought iron, Cast Iron And Steel - An Overview.
Переглядів 735 тис.Рік тому
Difference Between Pig iron, Wrought iron, Cast Iron And Steel - An Overview.
Metal Plating Process | A Complete Guide To Its Types And Technique.
Переглядів 49 тис.Рік тому
Metal Plating Process | A Complete Guide To Its Types And Technique.
All About Induction Furnace - What It Is and How It Works
Переглядів 46 тис.Рік тому
All About Induction Furnace - What It Is and How It Works
Mild steel (Low carbon steel) - An overview
Переглядів 10 тис.Рік тому
Mild steel (Low carbon steel) - An overview
Evolution Of Metallurgy Through The Ages And Its Impact On Modern Society.
Переглядів 14 тис.Рік тому
Evolution Of Metallurgy Through The Ages And Its Impact On Modern Society.
A Detailed Summary Of Electric Breakers
Переглядів 246Рік тому
A Detailed Summary Of Electric Breakers
Nice. Makes more sense with the making of a knife
I like this AI voice, could you share it pls?
You can bet they' re making pizza in the furnace when the boss is not there
Hello good afternoon Can you please give us a lecture on stages of heat treatment
Interesting indeed
Thank you 👍
The increasing use of hydroxyapatite in implants would probably warrant inclusion in the video.
Thank you for the Informative video presentation. This makes easy to understand learn for people who are getting into maintain their own homes or trying to find not only construction company but know what materials they want for their house.
Very informative.thanks sir
If only we had resources like this thirty years ago when I was doing my Mech Eng degree, I might have finished up with a decent overview of the field instead of general frustration & bewilderment.
James, as in shitasian? right?
valid
Everyone forgets that this " clean alternative " is powered by the burning of fossil fuels and/or fisionable materials...😅
Dr : can you send your email
What's your measurements to water
Hello from Turkey. The critical cooling rate used in the field of heat treatment is related to hardenability. If the TTT diagram of a steel is close to the right side, a high hardness microstructure can be achieved even at slower critical cooling rates. This depends completely on the chemical composition of the steels (%C, %Ni,%Mo,%Mn,%Cr)
where is intergranular corrosion??
Extremely useful and informative! Thank you!!
Been doing this shit 8 years and didn’t know half the shit this dude talked about haha
Very good information. The AI voice over always distracts me though
Thank you sir ❤❤❤ From India ❤❤
Anyone know what the name of the machine at 4:01 is? The pressure forming one that spins.
Thank you for taking the time to create this video. It was very useful.
Nice
Really helpful! Thank you 🙏🏻
The bed height depends on both the diameter of the cupola bore and the blast pressure. It may or may not be 40 inches. Also, with the advantages of a cupola listed at the end, you forgot two of the most important. They are FAST. Many times faster than a large crucible type furnace. And they are continuous melters, dropping charge after charge as long as layers of metal and replacement fuel are added at the top.
🔥🔥
We are Hainan West Asia Import and Export Company, specializing in exporting ferrosilicon, silicon metal, ferrochrome and other ferroalloy products. If you have any needs, please contact us
❤
What I really want to know is the difference between broiling and grilling. Maybe even the differences between braising and broiling, too. Nevermind roasting.
The purpose of roasting is removing sulfur from the ore. Hot air converts solid sulfide to gaseous oxide.
Thank you. This is informative.
I wish to highlight the difference between a "transmitter" and a "switch".
Vanadium is missing
Thank you.
Thank you very much for this informative video!
Seu conteúdo é muito bom. Há 40 anos minha cidade era uma terra de produtores de ferro e aço, de fundições e forjarias e toda cadeia relaciona a produção, na cidade vizinha temos uma jazida de minério ferro. A produção de minério continua em expansão, as siderurgias diminuiram de número mas se sofisticaram. Por isto aprecio tanto o seu conteúdo. Saudações de Minas Gerais State, Brasil.
Most experts call grains crystallites. The smaller the crystallites, the stronger the alloy. Elongated crystallites make stronger alloy than spherical crystallites.
Great video sir. Thank you!
Hi. Thanks for your video. I am looking for the source documentation regarding your chart listing the various mix especially for Grade 30,35 and 40 concrete. Thanks.
ATTENTION GUYS: Hello Guys, If You Like And Want To Follow Videos Related To Mild Steel Plates Or Steel Related Queries, You Can Visit Our Channel. Thanks
Hello Guys, If You Like And Want To Follow Videos Related To Mild Steel Plates Or Steel Related Queries, You Can Visit Our Channel. Thanks
It is very good vdo with all expml vdo.so nice .understood very well.
which type for rebar?
Great information ❤
We are manufacturer of Induction Furnace and also spare parts supplier
Where are you located.
Is steel the most widely used engineered material in the world? Is concrete not an “engineered material?” I’m pretty sure the human race has made more concrete than anything else.
Very interesting!
How about having a real human as a presenter? Piss off!
Anyone who works in the electronics industry has a completely definition of Ferrite...
What do u mean?